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java簡易計算器-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)

要求:

1.使用Java圖形界面組件設(shè)計軟件,界面如圖所示。

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2.軟件能夠滿足基本的“加、減、乘、除”等運算要求。

3.程序代碼清晰,語法規(guī)范,結(jié)構(gòu)合理,邏輯正確。

效果圖:

2b9091ad8bc94af0b2f3af902ac72003.png

先分析,計算器大概是由三個大部分組成的:菜單欄,顯示框,按鈕。

所以定義一個類cal繼承JFrame。

class cal extends JFrame  {
    private JPanel p1, p2;
    private JTextArea show;
    private String box ;
    JMenuBar menubar;//菜單
    JMenu menu1, menu2, menu3;//菜單

    StringBuffer strA;//用來存放用戶輸入的第一個數(shù)字
    StringBuffer strB;//用來存放用戶輸入的第二個數(shù)字

char oper ='~';//初始化操作符,可以隨便初始化一個特殊符號,這里只是用來區(qū)分的
    double  A;
    double  B;
    private String[] text2 = {"C", "CE","%", "/",
            "7", "8", "9", "*",
            "4", "5", "6", "-",
            "1", "2", "3", "+",
            "DEL","0", ".", "="};//計算器按鈕面板

    private JButton[] munButton = new JButton[text2.length];


}

我們定義完后開始初始化。

class cal extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    private JPanel p1, p2;
    private JTextArea show;
    private String box ;
    JMenuBar menubar;
    JMenu menu1, menu2, menu3;
    StringBuffer strA;
    StringBuffer strB;



    char oper ='~';
    double  A;
    double  B;
    private String[] text2 = {"C", "CE","%", "/",
            "7", "8", "9", "*",
            "4", "5", "6", "-",
            "1", "2", "3", "+",
            "DEL","0", ".", "="};//計算器按鈕面板
    private JButton[] munButton = new JButton[text2.length];





    public cal() {
        p1 = new JPanel();
        p2 = new JPanel();
        show = new JTextArea();
        p1.setSize(600, 100);
        menubar = new JMenuBar();
        menu1 = new JMenu("查看(V)");
        menu2 = new JMenu("編輯(E)");
        menu3 = new JMenu("幫助(H)");

        strB=new StringBuffer();
        strA=new StringBuffer();


    }



    public void init() {//初始化
        this.setTitle("計算器");//設(shè)置名稱
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 320, 300);

        this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());//設(shè)置布局

        this.add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        this.add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        menubar.add(menu1);
        menubar.add(menu2);
        menubar.add(menu3);
        this.setJMenuBar(menubar);
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);//放置在屏幕中央
        this.setResizable(false);//固定大小,用戶不能調(diào)整大小

        show.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 100));
        p1.add(show);
        p2.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 4, 2, 3));
        //添加數(shù)字按鍵
        for (int i = 0; i< text2.length; i++) {
            munButton[i] = new JButton(text2[i] + " ");
            p2.add(munButton[i]);
        }



        for (int i = 0; i< munButton.length; i++)
            munButton[i].addActionListener(this);

        this.setVisible(true);//窗體可視化


        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {//監(jiān)聽事件,當按下關(guān)閉按鈕時,結(jié)束程序

            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }

接著我們就開始進入到這個項目的最重要的部分了。

設(shè)置按鈕監(jiān)聽事件,通過獲取按鈕的信息來進行判斷運算。

在我們進行加減乘除計算的時候會出現(xiàn)一個特殊情況,除數(shù)為0,所以我們要預(yù)防出現(xiàn)異常影響程序的運行,我們就要進行異常的捕獲處理,這里我是自定義了一個異常類munber_Exception,然后我們利用try{}catch{}語句來進行異常捕獲和處理。

public double division(double x,double y)throws munber_Exception{

        if(y==0){
            throw new munber_Exception("除數(shù)不能為0!");
        }
        else{
            return x/y;
        }


    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        try { String act=e.getActionCommand();//這個方法返回的是事件源組件的“命令” , 這個“命令” 實際上就是事件源組件上的“Label(標簽)字符串”,即如果我按了“9”這個按鈕他就會返回一個“9的值”

        char a=act.charAt(0);//取act這個字符串的首字符
        if (a=='0' ||a=='1' || a=='2' ||a=='3'||a=='4'||a=='5'||a=='6'||a=='7'||a=='8'||a=='9'||a=='.') {
            if(oper=='~'){//當oper=='~'時,則操作符為空
                strA.append(a);
                show.setText(String.valueOf(strA));


            }else {
                strB.append(a);
                show.setText(String.valueOf(strA)+oper+String.valueOf(strB));


            }

        }
        else if(a=='+'||a=='-'||a=='/'||a=='*'||a=='%'){
            oper=a;
            show.setText(String.valueOf(strA)+oper);

        }
        else if(a=='='){

               A = Double.parseDouble(String.valueOf(strA));
               B = Double.parseDouble(String.valueOf(strB));
               double j;
                int len1=strA.length();
                int len2=strB.length();

               if (oper == '+') {
                   j = A + B;
                   show.setText(Double.toString(j));

                   strA.delete(0,len1);
                   strB.delete(0,len2);
                   strA.append(j);

               } else if (oper == '-') {
                   j = A - B;
                   show.setText(Double.toString(j));

                   strA.delete(0,len1);
                   strB.delete(0,len2);
                   strA.append(j);
               } else if (oper == '*') {
                   j = A * B;
                   show.setText(Double.toString(j));

                   strA.delete(0,len1);
                   strB.delete(0,len2);
                   strA.append(j);
               } else if (oper == '/') {
                   try{j= division(A, B);}catch(munber_Exception u){
                       show.setText(u.shows());
                   }
               }
               else if (oper == '%') {
                   j = A % B;
                   show.setText(Double.toString(j));

                   strA.delete(0,len1);
                   strB.delete(0,len2);
                   strA.append(j);

               }



        } else if (a=='C') {//清除
            show.setText(" ");
            oper='~';
            int len1=strA.length();
            int len2=strB.length();

            strA.delete(0,len1);
            strB.delete(0,len2);

        } else if (a=='D'){//刪除
                 if(oper!='~'){
                     if(strB.length()>0){
                         strB.delete(strB.length()-1,strB.length());
                         show.setText(String.valueOf(strA)+oper+String.valueOf(strB));
                     }
                     else
                         show.setText("0");
                 }if(oper=='~'){
                     if(strA.length()>0){
                         strA.delete(strA.length()-1,strA.length());
                         show.setText(String.valueOf(strA));
                     }
            }
        }   }catch(ArithmeticException m){
        System.out.println("除數(shù)不能為0");
    }

    }

完整代碼如下:
class munber_Exception  extends Exception{  //異常處理
    String e;
    public munber_Exception(){

    }
    public munber_Exception(String message){
        this.e=message;
    }
    public String shows(){
        return e;

    }
}

class cal extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    private JPanel p1, p2;
    private JTextArea show;
    private String box ;
    JMenuBar menubar;
    JMenu menu1, menu2, menu3;
    StringBuffer strA;
    StringBuffer strB;



    char oper ='~';
    double  A;
    double  B;
    private String[] text2 = {"C", "CE","%", "/",
            "7", "8", "9", "*",
            "4", "5", "6", "-",
            "1", "2", "3", "+",
            "DEL","0", ".", "="};//計算器按鈕面板
    private JButton[] munButton = new JButton[text2.length];

    public cal() {
        p1 = new JPanel();
        p2 = new JPanel();
        show = new JTextArea();
        p1.setSize(600, 100);
        menubar = new JMenuBar();
        menu1 = new JMenu("查看(V)");
        menu2 = new JMenu("編輯(E)");
        menu3 = new JMenu("幫助(H)");

        strB=new StringBuffer();
        strA=new StringBuffer();


    }



    public void init() {//初始化
        this.setTitle("計算器");
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 320, 300);

        this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        this.add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        this.add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        menubar.add(menu1);
        menubar.add(menu2);
        menubar.add(menu3);
        this.setJMenuBar(menubar);
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        this.setResizable(false);

        show.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 100));
        p1.add(show);
        p2.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 4, 2, 3));
        //添加數(shù)字按鍵
        for (int i = 0; i< text2.length; i++) {
            munButton[i] = new JButton(text2[i] + " ");
            p2.add(munButton[i]);
        }



        for (int i = 0; i< munButton.length; i++)
            munButton[i].addActionListener(this);

        this.setVisible(true);


        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }


    public double division(double x,double y)throws munber_Exception{

        if(y==0){
            throw new munber_Exception("除數(shù)不能為0!");
        }
        else{
            return x/y;
        }


    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        try { String act=e.getActionCommand();
        char a=act.charAt(0);
        if (a=='0' ||a=='1' || a=='2' ||a=='3'||a=='4'||a=='5'||a=='6'||a=='7'||a=='8'||a=='9'||a=='.') {
            if(oper=='~'){
                strA.append(a);
                show.setText(String.valueOf(strA));


            }else {
                strB.append(a);
                show.setText(String.valueOf(strA)+oper+String.valueOf(strB));


            }

        }
        else if(a=='+'||a=='-'||a=='/'||a=='*'||a=='%'){
            oper=a;
            show.setText(String.valueOf(strA)+oper);

        }
        else if(a=='='){

               A = Double.parseDouble(String.valueOf(strA));
               B = Double.parseDouble(String.valueOf(strB));
               double j;
                int len1=strA.length();
                int len2=strB.length();

               if (oper == '+') {
                   j = A + B;
                   show.setText(Double.toString(j));

                   strA.delete(0,len1);
                   strB.delete(0,len2);
                   strA.append(j);

               } else if (oper == '-') {
                   j = A - B;
                   show.setText(Double.toString(j));

                   strA.delete(0,len1);
                   strB.delete(0,len2);
                   strA.append(j);
               } else if (oper == '*') {
                   j = A * B;
                   show.setText(Double.toString(j));

                   strA.delete(0,len1);
                   strB.delete(0,len2);
                   strA.append(j);
               } else if (oper == '/') {
                   try{j= division(A, B);}catch(munber_Exception u){
                       show.setText(u.shows());
                   }
               }
               else if (oper == '%') {
                   j = A % B;
                   show.setText(Double.toString(j));

                   strA.delete(0,len1);
                   strB.delete(0,len2);
                   strA.append(j);

               }



        } else if (a=='C') {
            show.setText(" ");
            oper='~';
            int len1=strA.length();
            int len2=strB.length();

            strA.delete(0,len1);
            strB.delete(0,len2);

        } else if (a=='D'){
                 if(oper!='~'){
                     if(strB.length()>0){
                         strB.delete(strB.length()-1,strB.length());
                         show.setText(String.valueOf(strA)+oper+String.valueOf(strB));
                     }
                     else
                         show.setText("0");
                 }if(oper=='~'){
                     if(strA.length()>0){
                         strA.delete(strA.length()-1,strA.length());
                         show.setText(String.valueOf(strA));
                     }
            }
        }   }catch(ArithmeticException m){
        System.out.println("除數(shù)不能為0");
    }

    }
}

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